Hindi Varnamala (हिंदी वर्णमाला): स्वर और व्यंजन
The Hindi वर्णमाला has two families of letters: स्वर (vowels) and व्यंजन (consonants). TaraLearn teaches the स्वर first (days 1–5), then the व्यंजन (days 6–18), in small groups that follow the chart order.
स्वर
School charts usually list 13 स्वर: अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ए ऐ ओ औ अं अः. TaraLearn’s lessons (days 1–4) teach 12 of them: अ आ इ ई उ ऊ ऋ ए ऐ ओ औ अं. अः is not in the lessons.
Picture words from the lessons: अ–अनार, आ–आम, ई–ईंट, उ–उल्लू, ऋ–ऋषि, ए–एड़ी, ओ–ओखली, औ–औरत.
Note: strictly speaking, अं and अः are अयोगवाह, but school charts list them with the स्वर.
व्यंजन (33)
| वर्ग | Letters |
|---|---|
| क-वर्ग | क ख ग घ ङ |
| च-वर्ग | च छ ज झ ञ |
| ट-वर्ग | ट ठ ड ढ ण |
| त-वर्ग | त थ द ध न |
| प-वर्ग | प फ ब भ म |
| अंतःस्थ | य र ल व |
| ऊष्म | श ष स ह |
Picture words from the lessons: क–कमल, ख–खरगोश, ग–गाय, घ–घर, च–चम्मच, छ–छाता, ज–जहाज, झ–झंडा, ट–टमाटर, ठ–ठेला, ढ–ढोल, त–तरबूज़, थ–थाली, ध–धागा, न–नल, प–पतंग, फ–फल, भ–भालू, म–मछली, य–यान, र–रेल, व–वन, श–शेर, ष–षट्कोण, स–सूरज, ह–हाथी.
ङ and ञ appear as letters on their own, and ण appears at the end of बाण. ड, ब, द and ल have no picture word in the lessons yet.
संयुक्त व्यंजन (taught on day 19)
- क्ष (क् + ष): क्षत्रिय
- त्र (त् + र): त्रिशूल
- ज्ञ (ज् + ञ): taught as a letter, with no picture word in the lessons yet
Learn the varnamala interactively
TaraLearn’s Hindi lessons on days 1–20 teach the स्वर and व्यंजन with read-aloud questions. Children tap the right letter, or the letter a picture starts with, earn stars and keep their streak going. First lesson free in every subject. The Annual Pass costs ₹1,499/year, or ₹999/year with a coupon.
Frequently asked questions
How many letters are there in the Hindi varnamala?
School charts usually show 13 स्वर (including अं and अः) and 33 व्यंजन, plus several संयुक्त व्यंजन. Some books count differently. TaraLearn's lessons teach 12 स्वर (अः is not among them), all 33 व्यंजन, and क्ष, त्र and ज्ञ.
What is the difference between स्वर and व्यंजन?
A स्वर can be spoken on its own. A व्यंजन is spoken with the help of a स्वर (क = क् + अ).
Why are क्ष, त्र and ज्ञ taught separately?
They are संयुक्त व्यंजन, meaning two consonants joined into one shape. TaraLearn teaches them together on day 19.
Is there anything to print?
No. All practice happens in the interactive lessons on TaraLearn.
Where should my child start?
TaraLearn starts on day 1 with अ, आ and इ. Every question is read aloud.